Abstract: The characteristics of food components determine the quality of food.With the development of food fine processing technology,the requirements of rapid monitoring of food components in the food industry are increasing. As a new non-destructive testing technology,Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in food industry due to its advantages of simplicity,rapidity and accuracy. In this paper,the basic principle of Raman spectroscopy,the application of Raman spectroscopy in food component detection and Raman modeling are reviewed.The Raman spectrum characteristics of nutrients in food under typical processing are summarized,and the further development of Raman spectroscopy technology in food industry quality control is summarized and prospected.