Abstract: 3D printing technology uses the preparation principle of "layer by layer manufacturing,layer by layer stacking",which is simple,convenient and flexible. 3D food printing technology integrates 3D printing and digital cooking technology. It brings revolutionary changes to food manufacturing,and makes the food being customized shape,color,taste,texture,and even nutrition. This paper mainly introduces the principle of 3D printing technology,the application of printing materials,and the influencing factors in the printing process,so as to provide prospects for its future development. According to the existing references and existing 3D food printer,the familiar food raw materials is studied to provide reference for the application of 3D printing technology in food.