3种食品天然植物包材的抗氧化活性成分对比研究

汤晓; 翟佳敏; 葛晓峰; 邱从平

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020110284

3种食品天然植物包材的抗氧化活性成分对比研究

doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020110284

宁波职业技术学院化工学院，浙江宁波 315800

基金项目: 浙江省教育厅2020年度科研计划项目（Y202043610）；浙江省教育2020年度高校访问工程师“校企合作项目”（FG2020045）

详细信息

作者简介:
汤晓（1981−），女，硕士，副教授，研究方向：植物有效成分的提取与应用，E-mail：laymantang@126.com

中图分类号: TS201.2
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- 文章访问数: 172
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-30
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-24
- 刊出日期: 2021-07-07

Comparative Study on Antioxidant Active Components of Three Natural Plants for Food Packaging

College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Polytechnic College, Ningbo 315800, China

摘要

摘要: 为分析箬叶、芦苇叶、荷叶这3种食品包装天然植物材料的抗氧化活性成分及其抗氧化功能，利用超声提取法提取活性成分，测定植物提取物的总酚、总黄酮含量，·OH清除能力、${\rm{O}}_2^-\cdot $清除能力、DPPH·清除能力、ABTS⁺·清除能力、总抗氧化性以及还原能力，分析抗氧化功能与抗氧化活性成分的相关性，以及活性成分的结构对抗氧化功能的影响。结果表明，超声提取时，荷叶中的总酚、总黄酮含量高于箬叶、芦苇叶，差异显著（P<0.05）。3种植物的总酚含量与·OH清除能力、${\rm{O}}_2^-\cdot $清除能力、DPPH·清除能力、ABTS⁺·清除能力、总抗氧化性、还原能力存在极显著相关性（P<0.01）；总黄酮含量与总抗氧化性、还原能力存在极显著相关性（P<0.01），与ABTS⁺·清除能力存在显著相关性（P<0.05）。异槲皮苷是箬叶、芦苇叶中含量较高的多酚类化合物，木犀草素-6-C-葡萄糖苷是芦苇叶、荷叶中含量较高的多酚类化合物，这些成分中含有4-羰基、2, 3-双键、B环邻二羟基等结构。箬叶、芦苇叶、荷叶中含有多种多酚类化合物，这些活性成分具有较强的自由基清除等抗氧化功能。
- 箬叶 /
- 芦苇叶 /
- 荷叶 /
- 活性成分 /
- 抗氧化性
Abstract: The antioxidant components and antioxidant functions of three commonly used natural food packaging materials, including Indocalamus leaves, reed leaves and lotus leaves were investigated. The active components were extracted by ultrasonic extraction. The contents of total phenols and total flavonoids, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radicals scavenging activity, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS⁺ free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity and reducing power of plant extracts were determined. The relation between antioxidant functions and antioxidant active ingredients was tested. The results indicated that the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids in lotus leave were higher than these of Indocalamus leaves and reed leaves, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The total phenol content of three plants was extremely significantly correlated with the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide radicals scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS⁺ scavenging activity, total antioxidant and reducing power (P<0.01). The total flavonoid content was extremely significantly correlated with the total antioxidant and reducing power (P<0.01), and significantly correlated with the ABTS⁺ free radical scavenging ability (P<0.05). The content of isoquercitrin was high in Indocalamus leaves, and reed leaves and the content of luteolin-6-c-glucoside was high in reed leaves and lotus leaves. These ingredients contained the 4-carbonyl group, 2, 3-double bond and o-dihydroxy group of B ring. In summary, Indocalamus leaf, reed leaf and lotus leaf contained many kinds of polyphenols, which have strong free radicals scavenging activity and other antioxidant function.
- Indocalamus leaf /
- reed leaf /
- lotus leaf /
- active ingredient /
- antioxidant activity

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图 1 标准品HPLC图谱

Figure 1. HPLC spectrum of the standards

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图 2 3种植物抗氧化活性成分的HPLC分析

Figure 2. HPLC analysis of antioxidant components of three plants

注：A. 箬叶；B. 芦苇叶；C. 荷叶。

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图 3 3种植物的·OH清除率

Figure 3. ·OH scavenging activity of three plants

注：不同字母表示有显著性差异，P<0.05；图4~图8同。

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图 4 3种植物的${\rm{O}}_2^-\cdot $清除率

Figure 4. ${\rm{O}}_2^-\cdot $ scavenging activity of three plants

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图 5 3种植物的DPPH自由基清除率

Figure 5. DPPH· scavenging activity of three plants

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图 6 3种植物的ABTS⁺自由基清除率

Figure 6. ABTS⁺· scavenging activity of three plants

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图 7 3种植物的总抗氧化性

Figure 7. Total antioxidant activity of three plants

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图 8 3种植物的还原能力

Figure 8. Reducing activity of three plants

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表 1 超声提取容器对抗氧化活性成分浸出量的影响

Table 1. Effect of ultrasonic extraction container on leaching amount of antioxidant active components

有效成分含量	箬叶-瓶	箬叶-袋	芦苇叶-瓶	芦苇叶-袋	荷叶-瓶	荷叶-袋
总酚浸出量（μg/g）	413.97±13.78^f	677.19±18.03^e	3845.89±48.56^d	5625.46±152.49^c	8720.00±425.26^b	11717.78±523.00^a
总黄酮浸出量（mg/g）	15.49±0.09^d	18.21±0.35^c	9.92±0.07^e	14.97±0.54^d	100.11±2.95^b	124.46±3.44^a
注：同行上标不同字母表示有显著性差异（P<0.05）。

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表 2 HPLC标准曲线

Table 2. Standard curves of HPLC

标准品	曲线方程	R²
山奈酚-3-O-α-L-芸香苷	y=288597x−40655	0.9992
槲皮素-3,4'-二-O-葡萄糖苷	y=269417x−81493	0.9992
芦丁	y=371915x−69071	0.9995
橙皮苷	y=301891x−44409	0.9997
木犀草素-6-C-葡萄糖苷	y=351808x−80753	0.9996
异槲皮苷	y=285699x−77934	0.9991
槲皮素	y=431328x−65807	0.9996
芹菜素	y=336582x−59208	0.9996
木犀草素	y=258907x−40953	0.9993
咖啡酸	y=240677x−40913	0.9998

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表 3 3种植物抗氧化活性成分的定量分析 (μg/mL)

Table 3. Antioxidant components contents in three plants(μg/mL)

	咖啡酸	山奈酚-3-O- α-L-芸香苷	槲皮素-3,4'-二-O- 葡萄糖苷	芦丁	橙皮苷	木犀草素-6- C-葡萄糖苷	异槲皮苷	木犀草素	槲皮素	芹菜素
箬叶	9.41±0.47^eB	15.92±0.99^bB	−	15.52±0.50^bB	14.16±0.86^cC	9.29±0.36^eC	25.51±1.01^a	7.99±0.32^f	8.50±0.05^efB	10.78±0.43^dB
芦苇叶	5.40±0.35^eC	7.81±0.77^dC	−	3.34±0.43^fC	24.18±1.11^aB	16.01±1.71^cB	16.95±1.89^b	−	4.87±0.57^eC	2.45±0.10^fC
荷叶	15.89±1.01^iA	167.66±5.57^dA	100.15±4.12^f	154.09±1.18^eA	66.10±0.91^hA	367.18±2.23^bA	−	224.61±3.30^c	89.74±0.98^gA	433.98±8.58^aA
注：同行不同小写字母表示有显著性差异（P<0.05）；同列大写字母表示有显著性差异（P<0.05）。

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表 4 抗氧化功能与活性成分的相关性

Table 4. Correlation between antioxidant function and antioxidant components

项目	·OH清除能力	${\rm{O}}_2^-\cdot $清除能力	DPPH·清除能力	总抗氧化性	ABTS⁺·清除能力	还原能力
总酚	0.882^**	0.915^**	0.879^**	0.914^**	0.964^**	0.954^**
总黄酮	0.575	0.631	0.576	0.990^**	0.748^*	0.979^**
注：*表示极显著相关（P<0.01），表示显著相关（P<0.05）。

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