Abstract: To improve the extraction yield of peony seed kernel oil,the grease of high quality and low residual oil and degeneration of the cake,two step method was used to prepare the peony seed oil,and the two processes were optimized. The results showed that hydraulic press optimal process for the material granularity was 40 mesh,the material moisture content was 5%,the press number was 3 times,the press time was 20 min,the press temperature was 60 ℃,the press was 55 MPa and solvent extraction process was 3 times,the ratio of material to liquid ratio was 1∶10,the extraction temperature was 50 ℃,extraction time was 120 min. Under the comprehensive extraction of two processes,the peony seed kernel oil total withdrawal rate was as high as98.86%. The squeezing peony seed kernel oil unsaturated fatty acids was as high as 91.36%,extraction of peony seed kernel oil unsaturated fatty acids was as high as 90.64%,and the two oils all had high nutritional value,so they were expected to develop to become a kind of high nutritional health edible oil.