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中国精品科技期刊2020
于双双, 张东亮, 陈善峰, 李宏军, 马成业. 脱胚玉米与加酶和不加酶挤压脱胚玉米淀粉颗粒结构和热特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2017, (11): 71-75. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2017.11.005
引用本文: 于双双, 张东亮, 陈善峰, 李宏军, 马成业. 脱胚玉米与加酶和不加酶挤压脱胚玉米淀粉颗粒结构和热特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2017, (11): 71-75. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2017.11.005
YU Shuang-shuang, ZHANG Dong-liang, CHEN Shan-feng, LI Hong-jun, MA Cheng-ye. Research on granule structures and thermal properties of degerminated corn and extruded degerminated corn with enzyme and without enzyme[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2017, (11): 71-75. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2017.11.005
Citation: YU Shuang-shuang, ZHANG Dong-liang, CHEN Shan-feng, LI Hong-jun, MA Cheng-ye. Research on granule structures and thermal properties of degerminated corn and extruded degerminated corn with enzyme and without enzyme[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2017, (11): 71-75. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2017.11.005

脱胚玉米与加酶和不加酶挤压脱胚玉米淀粉颗粒结构和热特性研究

Research on granule structures and thermal properties of degerminated corn and extruded degerminated corn with enzyme and without enzyme

  • 摘要: 为研究不加酶和加酶挤压对脱胚玉米颗粒结构和热性能影响,采用扫描电镜的方法观察玉米淀粉颗粒形态,采用X-射线测定脱胚玉米淀粉颗粒晶体类型,运用差示扫描量热法分析玉米淀粉的热特性,并测定其糊化度。通过扫描电镜观察未经过挤压的脱胚玉米颗粒表面光滑完整,未加酶挤压和加酶挤压的脱胚玉米颗粒形态遭到破坏,整体结构不完整,表面出现孔洞;X-射线实验测得未挤压脱胚玉米结晶度为15.84,未加酶挤压脱胚玉米结晶度为5.63,加酶挤压脱胚玉米结晶度为7.94;DSC测试结果为未挤压脱胚玉米、未加酶挤压脱胚玉米和加酶挤压脱胚玉米的起始温度分别为46.97、43.11、48.18℃,峰值温度分别为98.63、93.61、98.25℃,结束温度分别为196.79、185.20、188.54℃,焓变分别为325.40、271.30、284.80 J/g;测得糊化度值分别为0.16、0.87、0.61。表明挤压能够破坏脱胚玉米淀粉颗粒完整度,部分微晶结构遭到破坏,结晶度降低,焓变值降低,糊化度增加;加酶挤压脱胚玉米焓变值高于未加酶挤压脱胚玉米,糊化度低于未加酶挤压脱胚玉米。 

     

    Abstract: The granule structures and thermal properties of degerminated corn, extruded degerminated corn and enzymatically extruded degerminated corn were evaluated by methods of scanning election microscopy, X-ray irradiation, differential scanning calorimetry.The surface of degerminated corn without extrusion was smooth and complete, the surface of extruded degerminated corn and enzymatically extruded degerminated corn was broken. The crystalinity of degerminated corn, extruded degerminated corn and enzymatically extruded degerminated corn were 5.84, 5.63 and 7.40. The beginning of pasting temperature of three materials were 46.97, 43.11, 48.18 ℃, the peaking of pasting temperature of three materials were 98.63, 93.61, 98.25 ℃, respectively, the end pasting temperature of three materials were 196.79, 185.20, 188.54 ℃. The enthalpy change of three materials were 325.40, 271.30, 284.80 J/g, respectively.The pasting of three materials were 0.16, 0.87, 0.61.The results showed that extrusion can destroy integrity and crystal structure of degerminated corn, the crystalinity and enthaply change was decreased, the pasting was increased after extrusion. The enthaphy change of enzymatically extruded degerminated corn was higher than extruded degerminated corn, while the pasting was lower.

     

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