Abstract: Objective:Studying the effect of two polar components of Chimonanthus salicifolius aleoholic extracts on mice with anhydrous ethanol-induced acute gastric mucosal injury. Methods:A mice model with acute alcoholic gastric injury was established by intragastric administration of ethanol. The mice were divided into control group,model group,rebamipide control group,ethyl acetate fraction group(EF,400,200,100,50 mg·kg^-1·bw) and petroleum ether fraction group(PF,400,200,100,50 mg·kg^-1·bw),and mice were treated continually for 14 d. In this study,the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of EF and PF on gastric mucosa were determined. The histopathological changes of gastric mucosa and acidic mucus proteins were observed by H&E and AB-PAS staining. Results:The two polar components reduced the damage of gastric mucosa,and the effect of high concentration was better than low concentration. EF(400 mg/kg) significantly increased the level of SOD(P<0.01) and CAT(P<0.05),and reduced the contents of PGE₂(P<0.01),MDA(P<0.01) and NO(P<0.05) compared with the model group. Moreover,PF(400 mg/mL) significantly decreased the contents of PGE₂(P<0.01) and increased the level of SOD(P<0.05) and CAT(P<0.01) in gastric tissue,while the contents of MDA and NO did not alter. From the analysis of gastric ulcer conditions and sections,EF and PF inhibited the gastric ulcer and reduced the area of ulcer caused by alcohol as well as the degree of gastric injury. Conclusion:The alcohol extracts from Chimonanthus salicifolius had protective effects on ethanol-induced mice with gastric injury,and this mechanism would be related to the antioxidant effect,anti-inflammatory effect and gastric mucosal protective factor.