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中国精品科技期刊2020
周洪江,姜文广,阮仕立,等. 三种非酿酒酵母对贵人香白葡萄酒发酵进程及挥发性组分的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(20):163−172. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022010164.
引用本文: 周洪江,姜文广,阮仕立,等. 三种非酿酒酵母对贵人香白葡萄酒发酵进程及挥发性组分的影响[J]. 食品工业科技,2022,43(20):163−172. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022010164.
ZHOU Hongjiang, JIANG Wenguang, RUAN Shili, et al. Influence of Three Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts on Fermentation and Volatile Components of Italian Riesling White Wines[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(20): 163−172. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022010164.
Citation: ZHOU Hongjiang, JIANG Wenguang, RUAN Shili, et al. Influence of Three Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts on Fermentation and Volatile Components of Italian Riesling White Wines[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(20): 163−172. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2022010164.

三种非酿酒酵母对贵人香白葡萄酒发酵进程及挥发性组分的影响

Influence of Three Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts on Fermentation and Volatile Components of Italian Riesling White Wines

  • 摘要: 本文以‘贵人香’葡萄为原料,利用三种商业化非酿酒酵母(戴尔有孢圆酵母、美极梅氏酵母和耐热克鲁维酵母)与酿酒酵母混合发酵酿制白葡萄酒,并对酵母的发酵进程、葡萄酒理化指标、挥发性物质含量以及香气感官品质进行比较,旨在阐述非酿酒酵母/酿酒酵母混合发酵对白葡萄酒香气质量的影响。结果表明,三种非酿酒酵母与酿酒酵母的混合发酵均能顺利完成,但美极梅氏酵母易受到酿酒酵母的抑制。理化指标检测结果显示混合发酵白葡萄酒的酒精含量低于酿酒酵母单独发酵。挥发性香气物质采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术进行检测,共检测到34种化合物,接种美极梅氏酵母的葡萄酒中己酸乙酯、异戊酸乙酯、乙酸己酯、γ-壬内酯、δ-辛内酯、己醇、芳樟醇等物质的信号强度最高,整体香气风格最突出。接种戴尔有孢圆酵母和耐热克鲁维酵母的酒样中辛酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、丙酸乙酯、α-松油烯等组分的含量较高,香气感官特征存在相似性,且均优于酿酒酵母单独发酵的葡萄酒。主成分分析结果能较好地区分不同混合发酵工艺生产的葡萄酒。综上,非酿酒酵母/酿酒酵母混合发酵对提升白葡萄酒香气质量有积极作用。

     

    Abstract: In this study, three commercial non-Saccharomyces yeasts, i.e., Torulaspora delbrueckii, Metschnikowia pulcherrima and Lachancea thermotolerans were tested in combination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce Italian Riesling white wines, with the fermentation progress, physical and chemical indexes of white wine, volatile profile and aromatic property of resulting white wines determined and compared, in order to elucidate their influences on the aroma quality of white wines. Results showed that, all fermentations were completed successfully, but the growth of M. pulcherrima was more easily inhibited by the proliferation of S. cerevisiae. Moreover, the ethanol concentrations of white wines from mixed fermentations were lower than that of S. cerevisiae single inoculation. Volatile compounds were detected by HS-GC-IMS, and a total of 34 volatiles were obtained. Wines inoculated with M. pulcherrima contained the highest signal intensities of ethyl caproate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, hexyl acetate, γ-nonolactone, δ-octanolactone, hexanol, 2,3-butanedione and linalool, the overall aromatic property was greatly enhanced. Wines conducted by mixed fermentation using T. delbrueckii/S. cerevisiae and L. thermotolerans/S. cerevisiae contained higher intensities of ethyl octanoate, propyl acetate, ethyl propionate and α-terpinene, and the aroma and sensory characteristics of these two pairs were similar, both better than the wine fermented singly by S. cerevisiae. Moreover, principal component analysis could better distinguish the wines produced by different mixed fermentation processes. In conclusion, this study showed that the mixed fermentation using non-Saccharomyces yeasts/S. cerevisiae pairs played an important role in the improvement of the aroma of white wine.

     

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