Preparation, Structure and in Vitro Activity Analysis of Selenopolysaccharide from Auricularia

Selenopolysaccharides derived from auricularia fruiting bodies were isolated and structurally characterized to advance their research and application. Through optimization, the highest polysaccharide yield (11.62%) was achieved under conditions of 1:60 solid-liquid ratio, 50 ℃, and 3 h extraction time. The conversion efficiency of selenated Auricularia to inorganic selenium was measured at 88.90%. The spectral analysis of selenium polysaccharides revealed characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to Se=O, Se-O and other functional groups. The surface morphology of selenated auricularia exhibited a well-organized network structure with minimal alteration in crystal morphology. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of selenopolysaccharides was significantly (P<0.05) enhanced compared to non-selenized polysaccharides. At a concentration of 5 mg/mL, selenopolysaccharides demonstrated an 18.80% increase in inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and an 8.30% increase against α-amylase, as well as a cholesterol adsorption rate of 61.40%. These findings provide valuable theoretical and technical insights for the development of auricularia selenopolysaccharide products.