Abstract: In this paper,Caenorhabditis elegans was used as a model to investigate the antioxidant and anti-aging effects of 1-deoxynojirimycin.Different concentrations(10,100,1000 mg/L)of 1-deoxynojirimycin were investigated with the lifespan,locomotion capacity,defecation cycle,heat stress ability,the activity of antioxidant enzyme and aging-related genes in Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that 10 and 100 mg/L DNJ could significantly prolong the lifespan of nematodes,reduce intestinal oxygen level,improve the activity of antioxidant enzyme,increase locomotion capacity and shorten the defecation cycle. At the same time,nematodes treated with 100 mg/L DNJ at 35℃ for 6 h could significantly increase the heat stress ability and prolong the lifespan of the nematodes. The experiments also explored whether genes daf-2 and daf-16 played a role in nematodes treatment with DNJ. The results showed that 100 mg/L could also prolong the lifespan of mutants daf-2 and daf-16,increase locomotion capacity and shorten the defecation cycle of the two mutants. However,there were no significant difference(p>0.05)in the aspect of lifespan,locomotion capacity,defecation cycle and heat stress ability between the mutants and the wild type nematodes treatment with 100 mg/L DNJ. Therefore,DNJ played an antioxidant and anti-aging role in nematodes,but its mechanism had nothing to do with daf-2 and daf-16 genes.