Abstract: In this research,the pineapple leaf fiber was dissolved in ionic liquid( 1- butyl- 3- methylimidazolium chloride( BmimCl)) by emulsifying shearing process.Three different factors including the emulsification of shear rate,the shear frequency,and the concentration of the pineapple leaf fiber were investigated.Through the analysing of the influence of the pineapple leaf fiber lignocellulose component and structure of hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin in different processing conditions,it was proved that the emulsifying shearing action could promote the lignocellulose tangles of pineapple leaf fiber scattered,and pround to the three components dissolved respectively,especially the impact of cellulose.The optimum process conditions were the emulsifying shearing rate16000 r / min,the emulsifying shearing times for 3 times,pineapple leaf fiber concentration 3%.The character of regeneration fiber was measured by fourier transformed infrared spectra( FT- IR),scanning electron microscope( SEM) and X- ray diffraction( XRD),the results showed that emulsifying shearing process did not change the functional structure of the pineapple leaf fiber,only the pineapple leaf fiber become honeycomb,and the crystallinity was decreased.