Abstract: Aronia melanocarpa is rich in proanthocyanidins, flavonoids and other polyphenol antioxidant components, aronia melanocarpa is recognized in the world as one of the most effective the free radical scavenging natural antioxidants. Aronia melanocarpa has a unique advantage, it could go through the blood-brain barrier, protect the brain and nervous system directly, meanwhile it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, blood glucose, anti-platelet and other effects, so it is called " the seventh nutrient". The antioxidant function and the research situation of foreign aronia melanocarpa polyphenols in recent years are reviewed, in order to provide the theoretical basis for the aronia melanocarpa health food, drug development in China.