Abstract: Zanthoxylum was one of the most resourceful spice in China.Hemp flavor material ( pepper amide) was an important component of the unique flavor of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, which directly determined the degree of pungent hemp and was an important factor affecting the quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum. The extractive of Zanthoxylum which had numerous physiological fuctions such as anesthesia, excitement, bacterial inhibition, rheumatism relieving, analgesic and desinsection, was widely used in the field of food, medicine and agriculture.This article was an overview of the sensory grading and detection of Zanthoxylum, and prospected the development trend of the future.