Abstract: In this study, the soybean oil was successfully pyrolysed by fixed-bed reactor that was prepared by ourselves, and the products (biomass pyrolysis oil) and its components were analyzed by GC-MS, FT-IR and Elemental Analyzer. The results indicated that the optimized parameters of pyrolysis soybean oil were pyrolysis temperature of 550℃, nitrogen flow rate of 150 mL/min, sampling rate of 0.3 mL/min, the voluminal ratio of soybean oil to methanol of 3:1.The pyrolysis products from soybean oil were composed of hydrocarbons and oxygen compounds (esters, alcohols, acids, ethers and so on), and hydrocarbons content was up to 31.37%.