Abstract: Phycobiliprotein (PBP) is a kind of algae chromoprotein with a variety of biological activities. The application prospect of phycobiliprotein is also good. It not only can be used as a functional factor and natural pigment in food, health care products, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, but also can be used as a photosensitizer and fluorescent probe in the field of biomedicine. As a high quality intracellular protein, the extraction and enrichment of phycobiliprotein usually involves the following steps:crushing, separation and purification. This paper focused on study of new technology on extraction, separation and purification of marine algae phycobiliproteins and discussed its application in natural pigments, health care food and medicine, fluorescent probes and photosensitizers research progress, which provided important reference for the high value processing and application of marine algae.