Abstract: Different polarity fractions of radish leaf ethanol extracts were obtained by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water, which named as PERs, CRs, EARs, WBRs, and AQRs.The total phenolic, flavonoid contents and total antioxidant activity of the five fractions were investigated. The anti-aging effects of different polarity fractions on Drosophila melanogaster were evaluated. Results showed that:EARs exhibited the highest total phenolic contents ((78.58 ±0.51) mg GAE/g dw), total flavonoid contents ((244.40 ±1.00) mg RE/g dw), and total antioxidant activity, followed by WBRs, CRs, PERs, and AQRs. All of the five fractions prolonged the lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster and the average lifespan, maximal lifespan, mating latency, mating duration were extended by 22.98%, 27.27%, 39.75%, and 72.12%, respectively, after treatment with EARs (15 mg/kg). In addition, all of the five fractions enhanced the SOD activity and decreased the MDA level, but only EARs and WBRs decreased the CAT activity in Drosophila melanogaster. The results showed that EARs and WBRs of radish leaf ethanol extracts had effects of prolonging Drosphlia melangaster's lifespan.