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中国精品科技期刊2020
苏红, 李雨欣, 钱雪丽, 樊馨怡, 张静, 陶宁萍. 鳙鱼、金枪鱼和三文鱼鱼头的营养分析与品质评价[J]. 食品工业科技, 2019, 40(17): 212-217,224. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2019.17.035
引用本文: 苏红, 李雨欣, 钱雪丽, 樊馨怡, 张静, 陶宁萍. 鳙鱼、金枪鱼和三文鱼鱼头的营养分析与品质评价[J]. 食品工业科技, 2019, 40(17): 212-217,224. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2019.17.035
SU Hong, LI Yu-xin, QIAN Xue-li, FAN Xin-yi, ZHANG Jing, TAO Ning-ping. Nutrition Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Aristichthys nobilis, Thunnus obesus and Salmon Salar Head[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2019, 40(17): 212-217,224. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2019.17.035
Citation: SU Hong, LI Yu-xin, QIAN Xue-li, FAN Xin-yi, ZHANG Jing, TAO Ning-ping. Nutrition Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Aristichthys nobilis, Thunnus obesus and Salmon Salar Head[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2019, 40(17): 212-217,224. DOI: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2019.17.035

鳙鱼、金枪鱼和三文鱼鱼头的营养分析与品质评价

Nutrition Analysis and Quality Evaluation of Aristichthys nobilis, Thunnus obesus and Salmon Salar Head

  • 摘要: 对鳙鱼、金枪鱼和三文鱼头的营养成分进行分析和品质评价,为鱼头的食用提供基础数据和理论支持。用国标及文献的方法,对三种鱼头的一般营养成分含量和脂肪酸、氨基酸、矿物质的组成以及重金属残留进行了分析和评价。三种鱼头粗脂肪含量有显著性差异(P<0.05),三文鱼粗脂肪含量最高(14.37%±2.63%),其次是金枪鱼(10.70%±0.97%),鳙鱼粗脂肪含量较低(3.82%±0.04%)。金枪鱼头的粗蛋白含量显著性高于鳙鱼头和三文鱼头(P<0.05)。三种鱼头肉均含有丰富的不饱和脂肪酸,占总脂肪酸含量的61.30%~82.40%。三种鱼头都含有丰富的EPA和DHA,尤其是金枪鱼头,EPA和DHA含量占总脂肪酸的37.79%,显著性高于鳙鱼头和三文鱼头(P<0.05)。三种鱼头蛋白质的氨基酸组成合理,总必需氨基酸/总氨基酸的比例在39.73%~40.16%之间,氨基酸评分都大于100,表明这三种鱼头可以作为优质的氨基酸来源。三种鱼头富含矿物质,其中常量元素中都是K和Na含量较高,微量元素中都是Fe和Zn含量较高。三种鱼头的重金属残留(铅、砷、汞、镉、铬)均不超过国家限量标准,表明鱼头来源安全可靠。

     

    Abstract: The nutritional components and quality of A.nobilis,T.obesus and Salmon Salar heads were investigated and evaluated to provide basic data and theoretical support for fish head consumption. The composition and contents of general nutrients,fatty acids,amino acids,minerals and heavy metals residue in three kinds of fish heads were measured and evaluated by national standards and literature. There was a significant difference in the crude fat content of the three fish heads(P<0.05),the highest crude fat content was Salmon Salar(14.37%±2.63%),followed by T.obesus(10.70%±0.97%),and finally A.nobilis(3.82%±0.04%). The crude protein content of T.obesus head was significantly higher than A.nobilis head and Salmon Salar head(P<0.05). All three fish heads were rich in unsaturated fatty acids,accounting for 61.30%~82.40% of the total fatty acid content. All three fish heads contained plenty of EPA and DHA,especially T.obesus head. The EPA and DHA in T.obesus were 37.79% of total fatty acid,which was significantly higher than A.nobilis head and Salmon Salar head(P<0.05). The amino acid composition of the three types of fish head protein was relatively reasonable. The proportion of total essential amino acid/total amino acid was 39.73%~40.16%,and the amino acid scores were all greater than 100,indicating that the three types of fish head could be used as the source of high-quality amino acid. The three types of fish heads were rich in minerals,among which the contents of K and Na were high in the constant elements,and mere the same of Fe and Zn in the trace elements. The heavy metal residue(Pb,As,Hg,Cr,Cd)of the three fish heads did not exceed the national limit,indicating that the source of the fish head was safe and healthy.

     

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