Abstract: Herein,a rice appearance quality analysis system was developed,which consisted of an array device,a background board,a scanner and a computer. Combined with image processing technology,chalky rice could be determined quickly and accurately on the system. The experiments were based on the national standard method for detecting chalky rice. Then analytical system instrument parameters were optimized to find the optimal threshold of chalky rice,and the actual samples were determined. Results showed that the average detection time for chalky rice was about 5 s and the optimal threshold was 0.43.The absolute error for chalky rice quantity was no more than 2 kernels,chalky rice rate was no more than 0.32% and chalkiness degree was no more than 0.25% between rice appearance quality analysis system and manual method. It indicated that rice appearance quality analysis system could replace manual method to determine chalky rice.