Abstract: In order to realize the effective identification of the Elsholtzia rugulosa Hems L. honey,the representative producing areas Elsholtzia rugulosa Hems L. and the common honey samples were collected,HS-SPME-GC/MS analysis combined with fingerprint,principal component analysis(PCA),euclidean distance and cluster analysis was used to achieve accurate discrimination between Elsholtzia rugulosa Hems L. honey and common honey. At the same time,based on the 15 common peaks identified by the fingerprint,five peaks such as trans-oxylated linalool,cis-arylene oxide,ethyl phthalate,dehydrolinol and phenylethyl alcohol were screened out. The three Fisher functions were constructed by the peak area which could quickly and effectively identify the Elsholtzia rugulosa Hems L. honey and common honey. In addition,in order to realize the identification and quality control of the Elsholtzia rugulosa Hems L. honey from different producing areas,the honey difference components of the two representative Elsholtzia rugulosa Hems L. honey were analyzed by F test,which indicated that the honey components of the two representative producing areas were significantly different due to the difference of origin characteristics. Among which syringol C,isophthalaldehyde,syringol D,ethyl laurate,α-isophorone,ethyl benzoate,phenylethyl acetate,isobutanol,2-methylbutanol,etc,nine ingredients could be used as the main difference between the honey of the two producing areas. This study provides technical support for the identification of the authenticity of the Elsholtzia rugulosa Hems L. honey and the identification and evaluation of the honey producing areas.