Abstract: Objective:To investigate the protective effect of polydatin on damage of INS-1 cells induced by alloxan. Methods:MTT assay was used to detect the survival rate of INS-1 cells treated with alloxan or polydatin respectively to select the concentration of alloxan or polydatin used for further experiments. INS-1 cells were divided into control group,model group(18 mmol/L alloxan),and polydatin groups(25 or 50 μg/mL+18 mmol/L alloxan). Cell survival rates were measured by MTT method;LDH release was detected;insulin secretion was tested;the activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were analyzed;supernatant NO,intracellular ROS,MDA level,SOD activities,GSH contents were measured by assay kits. Results:10~30 mmol/L alloxan significantly decreased the cell survival rate in contrast to the control group(P<0.05);the polydatin(25,50 μg/mL)significantly improved INS-1 cells survival rates in contrast to control group(P<0.05). Compared with model group,polydatin(25,50 μg/mL)significantly increased INS-1 cells survival rates,improved the cell morphology;reduced the release of LDH,increased insulin secretion;inhibited both caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities(P<0.05);polydatin also suppressed the production of ROS,NO and MDA level,significantly elevated SOD activity and GSH in alloxan-damaged INS-1 cells(P<0.05). Conclusion:Polydatin can effectively improve the damage of INS-1 cells induced by alloxan and its antioxidative and anti-apoptotic effect may serve as possible mechanism.