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中国精品科技期刊2020
苟婷婷,郑旭煦,彭荣,等. 豆渣腐乳酿制的食用胶筛选及后发酵中营养品质的变化[J]. 食品工业科技,2021,42(10):22−28. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020080117.
引用本文: 苟婷婷,郑旭煦,彭荣,等. 豆渣腐乳酿制的食用胶筛选及后发酵中营养品质的变化[J]. 食品工业科技,2021,42(10):22−28. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2020080117.
GOU Tingting, ZHENG Xuxu, PENG Rong, et al. Selection of Edible Glue and the Changes of Nutritional Quality of Fermented Bean Dregs Curd [J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2021, 42(10): 22−28. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/ j.issn1002-0306.2020080117.
Citation: GOU Tingting, ZHENG Xuxu, PENG Rong, et al. Selection of Edible Glue and the Changes of Nutritional Quality of Fermented Bean Dregs Curd [J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2021, 42(10): 22−28. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/ j.issn1002-0306.2020080117.

豆渣腐乳酿制的食用胶筛选及后发酵中营养品质的变化

Selection of Edible Glue and the Changes of Nutritional Quality of Fermented Bean Dregs Curd

  • 摘要: 为解决豆制品企业鲜豆渣大量堆积腐败变质和低值化利用问题,以纯豆渣为原料、毛霉为发酵菌种进行前发酵,利用食用胶将前发酵后的基料成型再后发酵酿制豆渣腐乳。先通过跟踪检测豆渣腐乳的质构,从瓜尔豆胶、魔芋胶、可得然胶、沙蒿子胶、海藻酸钠、聚丙烯酸钠6种食用胶中筛选适宜的食用胶种类及添加量,再通过跟踪考察在40 ℃、28 ℃、室温条件(25~35 ℃)下后发酵的豆渣腐乳中粗蛋白、可溶性蛋白、氨基酸态氮和总酸含量随发酵时间的变化规律以及挥发性风味物质含量,确定后发酵适宜的温度和时间。结果表明,添加0.1%魔芋胶使豆渣腐乳具有较优质构;3种温度下发酵的豆渣腐乳中粗蛋白、可溶性蛋白、总酸和氨基酸态氮含量均随发酵时间的增加呈现先增大后逐渐趋于平稳的变化趋势,3种温度下酿制的豆渣腐乳的粗蛋白含量相差不大,而40 ℃下发酵的豆渣腐乳中可溶性蛋白和氨基酸态氮的含量最高,分别为5.294和0.63075 g/100 g,总酸变化稳定且含量最低,为8.772 g/100 g,产品所需要的成熟时间最短,为35 d,另外,40 ℃下的酯类有12种,含量为55.10%,种类最多含量最高,产品风味品质更优。

     

    Abstract: The paper aims to solve the pershable and low- value utilization okara in soybean products enterprises. Okara were used as raw materials, mucor as the fermentation bacteria for pre-fermentation, edible gum was used to shape the base material after fermentation to make fermented bean dregs curd. Hardness, resilience, chewiness, cohesion as the indexes, appropriate type and dosage of edible gum were screened out from Guar gum, Amorophophallus Konjac, curdlan, Sa-son seed gum, sodium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, and suitable fermentation temperature and time were determined by tracking and investigating the changes of crude protein, soluble protein, amino acid nitrogen and total acid content of fermented bean dregs curd during fermentation time and the content of volatile flavor substances under the three post-fermentation conditions of 40 ℃, 28 ℃ and room temperature (25~35 ℃). The results showed that 0.1% konjac gum made fermented bean curd with better quality, all contents of crude protein, soluble protein, amino acid nitrogen and total acid of fermented bean dregs curd at three temperatures in the post-fermentation system increased firstly and then gradually stabilized with the increase of fermentation time. There were a slight difference among the crude protein content of fermented bean curd brewed at three temperatures. At 40 ℃, the contents of soluble protein and amino acid nitrogen in fermented bean dregs curd reached 5.294 and 0.63075 g/100 g, the change of total acid was stable and the content was the lowest reached 8.772 g/100 g, fermented bean dregs curd matured in 35 d, and there were 12 kinds of esters, the content was 55.1%, both the types and content of the ester species were the most, and the product flavor quality was better.

     

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