Abstract: Immunochromatographic test strip (ICTS) combines the separation ability of chromatography with the specificity of conventional immunoassays. It has the characteristics of simple operation, quick detection and low price, which has been a hot spot in the field of rapid detection of food safety. Colloidal gold was employed as the signal marking material in the traditional ICTS. However, ICTS based traditional colloidal gold show relatively low detection sensitivity, which only can meet qualitative and semi-quantitative detection. In order to improve the detection performance of the test strip, researchers have made significant efforts. In this paper, the basic principle of the traditional colloidal gold-based ICTS was introduced and the latest research progress of the ICTS were summarized. In addition, the current limitations and the development direction of immunochromatographic technique was given. This review is expected to provide the bibliographic support for the further development and utilization of test strips.