线粒体介导的二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）抗氧化机制研究进展

Research Progress of Mitochondrial-Mediated Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) Antioxidation

摘要: 二十二碳六烯酸（docosahexaenoic acid，DHA）是人体必需的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（polyunsaturated fatty acid，PUFA），在深海鱼油和海洋微藻中高度富集。线粒体是细胞的“能量工厂”，DHA可调节线粒体的功能和生物合成，发挥抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌等作用。本文主要就DHA调节线粒体抗氧化能力及其作用机制的研究进展进行综述，阐述DHA在消除活性氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）、调节线粒体生物合成和功能方面的作用以及线粒体微小RNA（microRNA，miRNA）介导的DHA抗氧化表观遗传调控机制，为DHA相关产品的开发应用提供依据。

Abstract: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) for human body, which is highly rich in deep sea fish oil and marine microalgae. Mitochondria are the energy factory of cells. Mitochondrial functions and biogenesis can be regulated by DHA which exhibits antioxidation, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. This article reviews the research progress of mitochondrial-mediated DHA antioxidation and the possible underlying mechanism. The effects of DHA in eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and functions, as well as the microRNA-mediated DHA antioxidant epigenetic mechanism are addressed, which may provide evidence for better DHA product exploration and application.