Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were demonstrated to have considerable promise in practical applications, particularly in the domains of food packaging and medicine. The development of novel nanosilver-based antimicrobial agents exhibiting safety, stability, and superior antimicrobial efficacy was recognized as imperative. Carboxylated chitosan and pectin were utilized as the primary raw materials. Silver nanoparticles based on carboxylated chitosan-pectin composites (CP-AgNPs) and pectin (P-AgNPs) were synthesized via a microwave-assisted method. The synthesis conditions for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were optimized through single-factor experiments. Structural characterization of AgNPs was conducted via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zeta potential analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The antioxidant activity was further evaluated. The optimal synthesis conditions were identified through this comprehensive approach as requiring a microwave power of 480 W, a temperature of 60 °C, a duration of 4 min, and a silver nitrate concentration of 0.7 mol/L. These parameters were subsequently applied in the synthesis of CP-AgNPs and P-AgNPs, both of which were characterized by the surface plasmon resonance absorption peak of AgNPs at 410 nm. The spherical morphology of both CP-AgNPs and P-AgNPs was characterized by SEM analysis, with respective diameters measuring 33.18 nm and 19.44 nm. Face-centered cubic crystalline structures were identified in both types through XRD analysis, where CP-AgNPs exhibited enhanced colloidal stability compared to P-AgNPs as evidenced by Zeta potential measurements. The synthesis conditions for CP-AgNPs were actively investigated, and their antioxidant activity was rigorously evaluated. The highest radical scavenging rates were demonstrated as 85.30% for DPPH, 63.35% for hydroxyl radicals, and 54.10% for ABTS⁺. Based on these findings, a stable and eco-friendly nanosilver-based antioxidant agent was successfully synthesized via microwave-assisted methods, with its efficacy validated through comparative experiments against ascorbic acid standards. This novel material was further confirmed to hold significant potential for applications in food preservation and pharmaceutical formulations, particularly in mitigating oxidative stress-related cellular damage.