Abstract: The"14th Five-Year Plan" highlights the importance of developing a diversified food supply system to meet the increasing demands for food quality, nutrition, and innovation. Multi-nozzle food 3D printing is a cutting-edge technology that facilitates flexible and personalized production, enabling the creation of food structures while reducing supply chains and food waste. This technology holds potential for addressing inefficiencies, limited innovation, and the environmental challenges of traditional food production. This article summarizes the developmental advantages of multi-nozzle 3D printing technology across various fields, categorizing it into coaxial nozzles and multi-system nozzles to further explore its application potential in food processing. This includes enhancing the nutritional quality of products and improving food appearance, such as the sense of layering and detail accuracy. Finally, the article addresses several challenges and optimization methods related to multi-nozzle food 3D printing technology, focusing on food raw materials, system optimization, and the maturation of printed products. This article provides a new theoretical foundation for future research on food 3D printing technology.