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中国精品科技期刊2020
黄晴豁,王媛媛,陈雅灵,等. 酵母蛋白对减钠减脂乳化香肠品质和风味的影响J. 食品工业科技,2026,47(5):1−10. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030024.
引用本文: 黄晴豁,王媛媛,陈雅灵,等. 酵母蛋白对减钠减脂乳化香肠品质和风味的影响J. 食品工业科技,2026,47(5):1−10. doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030024.
HUANG Qinghuo, WANG Yuanyuan, CHEN Yaling, et al. Effects of Yeast Protein on Quality and Flavor Characteristics of Emulsified Sausages with Reduced Sodium and FatJ. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026, 47(5): 1−10. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030024.
Citation: HUANG Qinghuo, WANG Yuanyuan, CHEN Yaling, et al. Effects of Yeast Protein on Quality and Flavor Characteristics of Emulsified Sausages with Reduced Sodium and FatJ. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2026, 47(5): 1−10. (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025030024.

酵母蛋白对减钠减脂乳化香肠品质和风味的影响

Effects of Yeast Protein on Quality and Flavor Characteristics of Emulsified Sausages with Reduced Sodium and Fat

  • 摘要: 乳化香肠因其营养丰富、风味良好而广受欢迎,但乳化香肠中脂肪、钠盐含量较高,且蒸煮过程中水分易流失。因此,本研究用KCl部分替代NaCl(减钠0%、20%、30%),并用酵母蛋白替代脂肪(减脂10%、20%、30%、40%)制作乳化香肠,分析其质构、色泽、水分分布、感官评价和挥发性风味物质等指标。质构分析发现,与对照组乳化香肠相比,在不减钠且减脂替代比例10%时,酵母蛋白乳化香肠的弹性、内聚性、回复性最大;在减钠20%且减脂替代20%时酵母蛋白乳化香肠的硬度、咀嚼性和弹性达到最大;减钠30%时,酵母蛋白乳化香肠的硬度、咀嚼性和弹性均显著低于对照组。水分分布结果发现在不减钠和减钠20%条件下,酵母蛋白乳化香肠中的结合水含量均显著高于对照组;而在减钠30%时,酵母蛋白乳化香肠的自由水含量均显著高于对照组。电子舌结果显示酵母蛋白的添加提升了乳化香肠的鲜味和丰度,降低了咸味。综上所述,不减钠条件下,酵母蛋白合适的减脂替代比例为10%;减钠20%条件下,酵母蛋白合适的减脂替代比例为20%;减钠30%组酵母蛋白乳化香肠的各项质构指标和感官评分均低于对照组,故建议酵母蛋白乳化香肠的减钠替代比低于30%。

     

    Abstract: Emulsified sausages are widely popular due to their rich nutrition and good flavor, but they have quality issues such as high fat and sodium content, and a tendency to lose moisture easily during cooking. In the study, KCl was substituted for NaCl at sodium reduction levels of 0%, 20%, and 30%. Additionally, an equal mixture of yeast protein and water were used to replace fat in emulsified sausage at ratios of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. The texture, color, water and fat distribution, sensory attributes, and volatile flavor compounds of sausages were then analyzed. Results indicated that elasticity, cohesiveness, and resilience of yeast protein emulsified sausages were highest at 10% fat substitution and no sodium reduction. Maximum hardness, chewability, and elasticity were achieved at 20% fat substitution and 20% sodium reduction. However, reducing sodium by 30% significantly decreased these texture parameters compared to the control. The water distribution results showed that under no sodium reduction and 20% sodium reduction conditions, the bound water content in yeast protein emulsified sausages was significantly higher than in the control. However, under 30% sodium reduction, free water content in yeast protein emulsified sausages was significantly higher than in the control. Electronic tongue analysis revealed that the addition of yeast protein enhanced umami and richness while reducing saltiness. In conclusion, the appropriate yeast protein substitution ratios were 10% under no sodium reduction and 20% under 20% sodium reduction. The textural and sensory qualities of yeast protein emulsified sausages with 30% sodium reduction were lower than those of the controls, suggesting a sodium substitution ratio below 30% for yeast protein emulsified sausages.

     

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