Abstract: Norovirus is one of the primary pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis worldwide, and its highly contagious nature through the food chain poses a serious threat to public health. Norovirus is commonly transmitted through food such as shellfish, vegetable, and fruit during production, processing, and consumption. Traditional detection methods struggle to fully reveal the associated risks. Microbiological quantitative risk assessment combines data and mathematical models to systematically quantify the risk of pathogen transmission, providing a scientific tool for controlling foodborne viruses. This paper focuses on the transmission characteristics of norovirus in the food chain of shellfish, vegetable, and fruit, systematically outlined the contamination pathways and key risk points from production to consumption, and reviewes the progress of quantitative risk research. The contamination of shellfish primarily originated from water body, and depuration and thermal processing could significantly reduce the viral load. The contamination of vegetable and fruit primarily stemmed from irrigation water and cross-contamination during manual harvesting. Thermal treatment and novel decontamination technologies could effectively reduce the viral load. Different dose-response models exhibited variations in risk assessment, and a comprehensive analysis of multiple models could enhance accuracy. In the future, interdisciplinary collaboration should be strengthened to utilize big data and machine learning to construct multidimensional risk assessment models, enhancing predictive and early warning capabilities. This will provide precise support for global food safety governance and promote the development of risk management toward systematization and intelligence.