Abstract: To screen Camellia oleifera germplasm resources with rich aroma profiles, the aroma components of six cold-pressed Camellia oleifera seed oils were compared, with 'Cenruan 2' serving as the control, and a comprehensive evaluation was conducted by integrating aroma radar charts, relative odor activity values (ROAV), and principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that the aroma quality of the Camellia oleifera seed oils derived from the six superior seedlings was superior to that of 'Cenruan 2'. A total of 30 aroma compounds were identified. Among them, 'Heizi 2' exhibited the most diverse aroma types and the highest total aroma content. Notably, its aldehyde content, predominantly furfural, was significantly higher than that of the other C. oleifera seed oils. The seed oils of 'Daguo', 'Heizi 1', and 'Heizi 2' had similar and relatively high contents of pyrazine compounds, and all were rich in 2-methylpyrazine and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine. In contrast, 'Cenruan 2' had fewer types and lower contents of all aroma compounds. The aroma radar chart indicated that 'Heizi 2' presented a combination of almond, roasted nut, floral-fruity, and grassy aroma, therefore exhibiting intense and diverse aroma characteristics; 'Daguo' was dominated by a fruity aroma; 'Heizi 1' emphasized roasted nut and floral-fruity aromas; 'Heizi 3' and 'Gaoyou' were primarily characterized by fruity aroma; 'Honghua 1' exhibited floral, fruity, almond, and roasted nut aromas, which were less intense than those of 'Heizi 2'. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that 'Heizi 2' had the highest comprehensive score, followed by 'Heizi 1' and 'Daguo'. In conclusion, all six superior seedling strains exhibited excellent aroma quality, among which 'Heizi 2', with its rich aroma profile, can serve as high-quality material for the breeding of aroma-type Camellia oleifera.