Abstract: Food analysis and testing are essential components in ensuring food safety, and technological innovation is crucial for improving testing efficiency and accuracy. Nano-inkjet printing technology, with its advantages of nanoscale precision and material customizability, demonstrates significant potential in the realm of food safety detection. This study presents a concise overview of the working principles and features of nano-inkjet printing technology, which atomizes nano-ink into micron-sized droplets layer by layer under computer instructions to form functional structures, featuring precise control, material compatibility, and functional integration. The study focuses on the categories of printing materials and their corresponding detection mechanisms. By precisely manipulating nanomaterials (metal nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials), high-sensitivity devices based on colorimetric methods, fluorescence methods, Raman spectroscopy, and electrical signal detection have been developed. The study summarizes application examples of nanoscale inkjet printing technology in areas such as food composition analysis, microbial detection, and harmful substance detection. It reviews the research progress in food analysis and detection using this technology and offers a summary and outlook on current challenges and future research trends, aiming to provide valuable insights for food safety detection.