枸杞糖肽复配咀嚼片的制备及抗疲劳活性的研究

赵江涛; 李玉娟; 孙旭阳; 潘雨燕; 杨永晶; 张富秀; 张得钧

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025070359

枸杞糖肽复配咀嚼片的制备及抗疲劳活性的研究

Preparation and Anti-fatigue Activity of Lycium barbarum Glycopeptide Complex Chewable Tablets

摘要

摘要: 为优化枸杞糖肽复配咀嚼片的最佳制备工艺并初步探究其抗疲劳功效，本研究采用单因素与响应面试验方法，以咀嚼片外观、风味、口感和质地等为评价指标，筛选出最优制备工艺。将雄性KM小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、人参皂苷组（10 mg·kg⁻¹）、辅料组（400 mg·kg⁻¹）、枸杞糖肽复配咀嚼片低剂量组和枸杞糖肽复配咀嚼片高剂量组（400、1200 mg·kg⁻¹）。通过束缚联合强迫游泳建立疲劳模型，持续35 d，同时灌胃给药。连续给药35 d后进行强迫游泳测试，检测血清中尿素氮（urea nitrogen，BUN）含量、5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT）水平、乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase，LDH）和肌酸激酶（creatine kinase，CK）活性。腓肠肌与脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px）活性、丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）含量。结果表明，枸杞糖肽复配咀嚼片的最佳配方工艺为枸杞糖肽添加量29%，树莓果粉（甜味剂）添加量为17%，沙棘果粉（酸味剂）添加量为1%，硬脂酸镁（润滑剂）添加量为1.5%，此条件下制得的咀嚼片感官评分为85.87±0.76分，平均片重为0.345±0.006 g，重量差异限度均在5%以内；平均硬度为79.364±2.83N，均为75 N以上，硬度适中；咀嚼片的脆碎度小于1%。动物实验结果显示，与模型组比较，枸杞糖肽咀嚼片高剂量组可以显著缩短强迫游泳过程中小鼠的不动时间（P<0.01），显著降低血清BUN、CK、LDH、腓肠肌及脑组织MDA含量（P<0.01），提高5-HT水平，并增强腓肠肌和脑组织中SOD和GSH-Px活力（P<0.01）。枸杞糖肽复配咀嚼片的制备工艺稳定可行，该制剂可能通过调节神经递质、改善多组织氧化应激及能量代谢等多途径协同缓解剧烈运动引起的疲劳。

Abstract: This study aimed to optimize the preparation of Lycium barbarum glycopeptide complex chewable tablets and investigate their potential anti-fatigue properties. Using single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, optimal manufacturing parameters were identified based on tablets' appearance, flavor, taste and texture as a function of L. barbarum glycopeptide, Raspberry Fruit Powder (sweetener), Sea buckthorn Fruit Powder (acidifier), and Magnesium stearate (lubricant) contents. The male KM mice were randomly divided into a blank group, model group, ginsenoside group (10 mg·kg^-1), excipient group (400 mg·kg^-1), low-dose Lycium barbarum glycopeptide compound chewable tablet group, and high-dose Lycium barbarum glycopeptide compound chewable tablet group (400, 1200 mg·kg^-1). A fatigue model was established by restraint combined with forced swimming for 35 consecutive days, during which the samples were administered intragastrically. After 35 days of continuous administration, a forced swimming test was conducted, and the serum levels of urea nitrogen (BUN), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in gastrocnemius muscle and brain tissues were determined. Results showed that, the optimal tablet formulation was constituted of 29% L. barbarum glycopeptide, 17% sweetener, 1% acidulant, and 1.5% lubricant. Under these conditions, the comprehensive score of the chewable tablets was 85.87±0.76 points, the average tablet weight was 0.345±0.006 g, and the weight variation limit was within5%; The average hardness was 79.364±2.83 N, all above 75 N, with moderate hardness; The friability of the chewable tablets was less than 1%. Mouse experimental results indicated that, compared with the model group, high formulation dose significantly reduced the immobility time during forced swimming (P<0.01), decreased serum BUN, LDH and CK and tissue MDA levels (P<0.01), increased serum 5-HT level, and boosted SOD and GSH-Px activities in both muscle and brain tissues (P<0.01). L. barbarum glycopeptide complex chewable tablets alleviated physical fatigue induced by strenuous exercise through reduction of oxidative stress in muscle and brain tissues, modulation of neurotransmitters, and improvement of energy metabolism.