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中国精品科技期刊2020

不同干燥温度对挂面耐泡性和淀粉消化特性的影响

Effects of Different Drying Temperatures on the Soaking Resistance and Starch Digestibility of Dried Noodles

  • 摘要: 为开发适用于现代餐饮需求的耐泡性强、出餐速度快且具备缓释消化特性的专用挂面产品提供理论依据与技术支撑,本研究系统探讨了不同干燥温度(50、60、70、80、90 ℃)对挂面的硬度、最佳蒸煮时间、复热特性、面汤浊度、质构特性及淀粉消化特性的影响。结果表明,与低温干燥(50和60 ℃)面条相比,高温干燥(70、80和90 ℃)显著提升了复鲜挂面的耐泡性(硬度由1.71 N增至12.01 N)和出餐速度(最佳蒸煮时间由155 s缩短至10 s)(P<0.05),同时降低了面汤浊度,表现出更优的结构稳定性和食用品质。体外消化实验显示,高温干燥处理降低了挂面淀粉的水解速率,其预测血糖生成指数(pGI)由69.47降至65.02,且低于市售具有血糖调控功能的纤维面条(pGI=66.97),显示出其在降低血糖生成指数(GI)方面的良好潜力。研究结果明确了高温干燥工艺在改善挂面耐泡性、提升出餐效率与实现淀粉缓释消化方面的积极作用,为开发高品质、功能化餐饮专用挂面提供了可靠的理论基础与可行的技术路径。

     

    Abstract: To support the development of specialized noodles with strong soaking resistance, rapid serving performance, and slow-release digestion characteristics for modern foodservice applications, this study systematically investigated the effects of different drying temperatures (50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 ℃) on the hardness, optimal cooking time, reheating properties, soup turbidity, textural attributes, and starch digestibility of dried noodles. Compared with low-temperature drying (50 and 60 ℃), high-temperature drying (70~90 ℃) significantly enhanced the soaking resistance of rehydrated noodles (hardness increased from 1.71 N to 12.01 N) and markedly shortened the optimal cooking time (from 155 s to 10 s) (P<0.05). In addition, high-temperature drying substantially decreased soup turbidity, indicating improved structural stability and eating quality. In vitro digestion experiments further demonstrated that high-temperature drying reduced the starch hydrolysis rate, lowering the predicted glycemic index (pGI) from 69.47 to 65.02. Notably, this pGI value was even lower than that of commercially available dietary-fiber-fortified noodles marketed for glycemic control (pGI=66.97), underscoring the strong potential of high-temperature drying to reduce the glycemic index (GI). Overall, high-temperature drying was shown to improve soaking resistance, enhance serving efficiency, and promote slow-release starch digestion in dried noodles. These findings provide a solid theoretical basis and a feasible technological pathway for developing high-quality, functional noodles tailored for foodservice applications.

     

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