酸枣芽茶提取物体外抗氧化活性及对秀丽隐杆线虫的抗衰老作用

李伟炳; 杨海霞; 王锋; 杨青珍; 齐英舰

doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2025100073

酸枣芽茶提取物体外抗氧化活性及对秀丽隐杆线虫的抗衰老作用

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Zizyphus Jujube Bud Tea Extract and Its Anti-Aging Effects on Caenorhabditis elegans

摘要

摘要: 目的：为了初步探究酸枣芽茶乙醇和水提取物的抗氧化活性及对秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老的作用。方法：本研究以酸枣芽茶为原料，测定不同浓度的乙醇（25%、50%、75%）提取物和不同温度（50 ℃、75 ℃、100 ℃）水提取物的总黄酮、总酚含量，体外抗氧化活性，筛选最优乙醇提取物和水提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老作用的影响。结果：50%乙醇提取物和100 ℃水提取物活性最优，总黄酮含量分别为266.15、177.61 mg/g，总酚含量分别为399.07、278.65 mg/g，能保持较高的自由基清除水平以及总还原能力和总抗氧化能力（P<0.05）；两种提取物均可延长线虫最长寿命（分别延长20.83%、8.33%，P<0.05）、提高抗逆环境存活率（抗紫外线辐射、抗高温热损伤、抗双氧水氧化，P<0.05），且能提升线虫体内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，降低超氧阴离子（O₂^‒）、过氧化氢（H₂O₂）和丙二醛（MDA）等的含量（P<0.05）。但二者存在差异，50%乙醇提取物比100 ℃水提取物在提高线虫体内CAT活性，降低MDA的含量，延长线虫自然寿命（P<0.05）的效果更优；而100 ℃水提取物则在提高线虫体内SOD活性（P<0.05），降低线虫体内O₂^-和H₂O₂含量（P<0.05）和提升线虫抗逆环境能力（P<0.05）方面表现更好。结论：酸枣芽茶乙醇和水提取物均有较好的体外抗氧化活性及延缓秀丽隐杆线虫衰老的作用。

Abstract: Objective: To preliminarily investigate the antioxidant activity of ethanol and water extracts from Zizyphus jujube bud tea and their anti-aging effects on Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods: Using Zizyphus jujube bud tea as raw material, this study determined the total flavonoid and total phenol contents, as well as in vitro antioxidant activity of ethanol extracts with different concentrations (25%, 50%, 75%) and water extracts at different temperatures (50, 75, 100 ℃). The optimal ethanol extract and water extract were selected to evaluate their anti-aging effects on Caenorhabditis elegans. Results: The 50% ethanol extract and 100 ℃ water extract exhibited optimal activity, with total flavonoid contents of 266.15 and 177.61 mg/g, respectively, and total phenol contents of 399.07 and 278.65 mg/g, respectively. Both extracts maintained high levels of free radical scavenging capacity, total reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity (P<0.05). Additionally, both extracts extended the lifespan of C. elegans (by 20.83% and 8.33%, respectively, P<0.05), enhanced survival rates under stress conditions (anti-ultraviolet radiation, anti-high-temperature heat damage, anti-hydrogen peroxide oxidation, P<0.05), and increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in C. elegans while reducing contents of superoxide anion (O₂^-), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (P<0.05). Notably, there were distinct differences between the two extracts. The 50% ethanol extract had a superior effect compared to the 100 ℃ water extract in enhancing CAT activity, reducing MDA content, and prolonging the natural lifespan of nematodes (P<0.05); the 100 ℃ water extract, by contrast, exhibited better performance in increasing SOD activity (P<0.05), decreasing the levels of O₂^- and H₂O₂ (P<0.05), and improving the nematodes' tolerance to adverse environments (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both ethanol and water extracts of Zizyphus jujube bud tea exhibit significant in vitro antioxidant activity and can delay the aging of Caenorhabditis elegans.